WHAT IS DISCALLY SYMPTOMS, CAUSES AND TREATMENT

We use mathematics daily, since they are fundamental to the daily economy (go to the supermarket, pay or give the change correctly ...), interpret time (calendar, schedule ...), orient in space (remember addresses, door number ... ), they are even necessary to cook according to the amounts marked by a recipe, in addition to many other everyday situations. Thus, the discalculia affects the daily life of the people who suffer and, therefore, it is very important to treat it.

It is important to differentiate the people who are difficult for mathematics and people suffering from discalculia, especially, taking into account that the subject of mathematics usually has a large amount of suspensions in relation to other subjects. If you want to know more about discalculia, keep reading this Psychology-online article: What is Discalculia: symptoms, causes and treatment.

1. Symptoms of Discalculia
2. Causes of Discalculia
3. Treatment of Discalculia

Symptoms of Discalculia

¿WHAT IS DISCALLY? Discalculia is a development disorder that is characterized by a Alteration in calculation capacity (and in general to handle the numbers) that affects learning. The prevalence of discalculia is between 3-6% within the school population, therefore, it is quite frequent.

Discalculia symptoms refer to skills that require good and spatial good coordination, which are closely related to acquisition and management of mathematical operations. There are several symptoms of discalculia:

• Difficulties in recognizing the meaning of numbers.
• Difficulties to group objects in certain quantities.
• Difficulties in recognizing and comparing groups using size concepts.
• Difficulties to learn to count, recognize and match numbers with certain quantities.
• Increase in child's mistakes as school learning advances.
• Difficulties in solving basic mathematical problems, which imply sums, subtraction, multiplications and divisions.
• Difficulty to calculate different mathematical operations.
• Difficulties to remember multiplication tables, measure units, among others.
• Rotation, investment of numbers.
• Difficulty writing numbers.
• Difficulties in interpretation of quantities.
• Difficulty in arithmetic understanding and, consequently, difficulties in the operations in which they require this understanding.
• They do not write the numbers correctly.
• Difficulties when performing numerical series.

These are the symptoms that allow discalculia.

Types of discculia

We can distinguish three different types of discalculia that we explain below:

1. Discalculia Anarritmia: This type of discculia is characterized by the presence of difficulties in adding, subtracting and multiplying.
2. Attentional-Secounts Discalculia: It is characterized by presenting difficulties in learning and memorizing the multiplication tables.
3. Spatial discculia: People who suffer from this type of discalculia show difficulties in handling arithmetic problems that have multiple columns.

Causes of Discalculia

The origin of discculia is considered multifactorial, therefore, there are different factors that could be the cause of discalculia:

• Biological causes determined by the genetic inheritance of the person as neurological malformations. These malformations are manifested in the person in the form of difficulties in performing mathematical operations, classifying numbers and placing them in sequences.
• Brain damage In case of the acquired discculy. The acquired discculia is due to a brain injury, that is, people can suffer from people after a brain injury and that before that injury they did not present any or almost none of the symptoms of discalculia. Suffering a brain injury does not imply suffering an acquired discalculia, but this occurs when the lesion affects a certain brain area. Although it also occurs in people who are in the natural process of learning of mathematics, in this case, it would be evolutionary discáculia.
• Environmental causes, as the type of education and stimulation.

Treatment of Discalculia

Discalculia is a non -curable disorder, but it is treatable. On the other hand, when it comes to difficulties considered normal with mathematics, there is a solution to solve the problem.

It is interesting to try to prevent this disorder from children's stages, therefore, it would be convenient to build a solid basis in the acquisition and development of calculation learning through learning strategies. It is important to correct the mistakes that students make regarding mathematical vocabulary to consolidate an adequate vocabulary that allows building subsequent mathematical knowledge.

Since everyday life is affected by discalculia, it is important work everything that is affected during people's day to day. In this case, it would be about memorizing the days of the week, the months of the year, the stations, the multiplication tables, the direction of their home and family and nearby, among others.

For treatment to be effective, it is recommended to guide patients in numerical learning during primary education, since it is the stage in which treatment is more effective. Patients should be introduced into Exercises to work the numerical system, large figures numbers, calculation strategies, among others. To work each of these aspects there are different recreational activities, with the intention of making the treatment more pleasant, such as randomly launching with the purpose of deciphering the amount of points they have and writing down the number in mathematical vocabulary (In the dice four points are seen, so the patient must write the number 4).

It is also necessary to take into account possible consequences. For example, suffering a learning disorder can affect the child's self -esteem. Here we propose activities to strengthen self -esteem in children.

This article is merely informative, in psychology-online we have no power to make a diagnosis or recommend a treatment. We invite you to go to a psychologist to treat your particular case.

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