The hallucinations Why do we perceive what does not exist?

And, one day the mind makes the leap from imagination to hallucination, and the congregant sees God, hey to God. Oliver Sacks

Today we present a panorama of hallucinations from the point of view of sensory perceptions, as well as its correlation with different organs of the senses. The complexity of the subject lies in which it is an issue that has been given little importance and is associated, more with disease symptoms. It is rarely related to different states of consciousness that can produce health or balance as in the case of meditation. This article proposes an analysis in terms of harmonic energy or constructive interference related to a state of health, to neutralize non -harmonic energy or destructive interference related to a state of disease.

Content

• The identification of reality
• What are hallucinations?
• Etiology and types of hallucinations
• Mental illnesses or psychotic disorders
• Other mental disorders
  • Consumption of toxic substances
  • Sleep -related
  • Cognitive distortion
  • Extreme conditions
  • Hypnotic states
  • Neurological disease
  • By electrical stimulation
  • Physical illness
• The organs of the senses: an antenna that captures signals and transforms them
  • Final reflection
  • Bibliography

The identification of reality

In the complexity of this issue, there is a very blurred limit where hallucination itself, a distorted perception, a cognitive distortion or an illusion are mixed. The reality is neutral, but we perceive it, according to the information we receive from abroad, we store it, decode it, we process it and then interpret it.

Capture external information through our organs of the senses in psychology is known as Down-up process, is the input or information entry.

Subsequently, a series of intermediate and simultaneous complex processes occur, which are analyzed in how information travels in the body and brain? through communication; Physics, Chemistry and Electric. External stimuli are captured by different types of energy and are transformed or transduced to be interpreted by the brain.

Subsequently that information goes, according to our personality, our context and is the interpretation we make of reality, this is known as a process From above-down, it is the output or information output or behavior itself.

It is completely "normal" so to speak, that each of us interpret reality differently and is common for that reason that we also say that each of our brains is different from another. Even in the uniqueness of this fact it gives us an impressive wealth to see the interpretation of the art and diversity of the works of:

• Pablo Picasso: One of the creators of Cubism. He was also a sculptor, he died due to a pulmonary edema (Picasso, 2018).
• Vincent van Gogh: self -taught painter, difficult and a strong temperament. The left ear lobe mutilated. The last years of his life were marked by their permanent psychiatric problems. At the end of his days he had outbursts of despair and hallucination that prevented him from working (Van Gogh, 2018), or
• Yayoi Kusama: Japanese artist who reflects his work of circles has experienced hallucinations and obsessive thoughts since his childhood with suicidal tendencies (Kusama, 2018).

All this in itself is already complex, due to the superposition of the different interpretations that we make of reality and our own internal realities, but I will try to explain it in a simpler way despite this.

A first conclusion before all hallucinations is that they break with all logic of reality and may have different origins. Order and restructure our reality and can produce a new reality that limits or broad our perceptual horizons.

It is associated with an inner or outer stimulus that produces them and although it does not correspond to a real experience, for the brain of those who experience them are completely real.

Hallucinations seem real and can also scratch between the real and mysterious, generating fascination and distrust. In the scientific part, they go from the "normal" to the pathological. And, they cover from the divine to the fascinating as a sign that informs us of the internal world of who experiences them.

The importance of the issue of hallucinations is that non -ordinary states, for science it has been a topic of little interest and has led him to have a delay in his knowledge. However, if it has been a path appealed in the study of the brain, study the "abnormal" to explain normality.

What are hallucinations?

There are many definitions about the concept of what is a hallucination, and each of them emphasizes some aspect of this complex, but interesting topic; Among the most significant are:

• Its about perceive things like visions, sounds or odors that seem real, but they are not. These things are created by the mind (Medlineplus, 2018).
• Hallucinations are defined as perceptions that arise in the absence of any external reality: See or hear things that are not present (Health and Psychology, 2014).
• In schizophrenia, hallucinations: they are perceptions in which the person listens, sees or feels things that originate inside his own brain and that, although he lives them as if they were real they are not.
• Hallucinations are defined as the perception Through any of the senses, of a stimulus that is not really present In the situation. This stimulus is perceived as real, despite not being present (Cipsia, 2017).
• DSM IV defines hallucination as a Sensory perception that, real apparently, occurs without the external stimulation of the sensory organ corresponding to hallucination.
• Another one, proposed by Lehmann and González mention that It constitutes a mental state whose content is aware, involuntarior and, in certain aspects, similar to dreams and perception (Lehmann & González, 2009).
• False sensory perception that has a convincing sense of reality despite the absence of an external stimulus. It can affect any of the senses, but auditory hallucinations and visual hallucinations are more common. Alfortation is usually a symptom of psychosis, although it can also be the result of drug use or medical condition such as epilepsy, brain tumor or syphilis (APA, 2010).

Etiology and types of hallucinations

They can be produced by cranial trauma or brain shock, tumors, consumption of toxic substances (drugs, medications, plants or fungi), inhalation of toxic substances, various diseases (cancer, multiple sclerosis, high cholesterol), Alterations of the structure and functionality of the brain or even by virus (Herpes simple type 1) or bacteria that sick the body and alter the mind.

However, we can experience them all when the sense organs are spliced ​​as in the case of synesthesia, perception of the same sensation through different senses.

Mozart described some musical notes with colors, for him: the "re major" was a warm yellow, the "minor" was black, and the "the" era red, this condition where the senses intermingle is called synesthesia that "has one in twenty -five thousand human beings" (Animal Planet, 2012). However, there is still no total agreement with the figures, because in the United Kingdom data it is said that this condition is presented by one in two thousand people (Punset, 2011).

There are those who hear numbers come to mind an intricate geometric shape, on the other hand, when listening to the music they see colors this condition is called synesthesia or united sensations.  The most frequent synesthesia is related to associating numbers and colors, but there are more and any of the senses can be involved. Just as anesthesia means not having sensations, in Greek synesthesia it means together or mixing senses. It is curious to verify how you can live in a totally normal way with absolutely different perspectives among the humans themselves.

Then then:

• If you see the sounds,
• You feel or test colors and flavors
• Words and textures have flavor and smell,
• You listen to figures or forms,
• You add colors, you are in the world of synesthesia (Psycience, 2014).

According to Julia A. Nunn (2002), synesthetic brains are different, although it points out that this difference should not be considered as brain damage.

Hallucinations are also experienced when we get to sleep. One, of every three people lives them before falling asleep, as will see later.

Hallucinations are one of the main symptoms, together with the delusions of psychotic disorders. Hallucinations are also one of the most important criteria for the diagnosis of psychotic disorders and generate other psychological problems derivatives such as anxiety, depression or self -esteem problems. To classify hallucinations, the type of meaning by which hallucination is perceived (Cipisa, 2017) is used as a criterion.

Our organs of the senses affect and are perceived by: the ear, touch, taste and smell. And, they also affect our balance and guidance. Today we know a little more about them through brain imaginology studies.

The Sensory deprivation, that is the reduction or deliberate suppression Of stimulation in one or more senses, if it is long enough, it can lead to hallucinar. The other way A sensory overload It can also produce a hallucinatory experience (Lehmann & González, 2009).

An interesting aspect is that no one is exempt from not experiencing them in health or disease.

Mental illnesses or psychotic disorders

To cite an example, it is presented in schizophrenia, psychotic disorder that is characterized by disturbances in thought (cognition), in emotional sensitivity and behavior, although some claim that disorganized thinking is the most important isolated characteristic (APA, 2010).

Schizophrenia. These sensations are had through the organs of the senses and are the following:

• Auditives: When the person listens inside his head a voice that speaks to him.
• Tactile or cenesthetic: The person has abnormal sensations in the body without touching him.
• Olfactivos: When strange odors are perceived.
• Tasting: When you have different flavors than usual.
• Visuals: When they see in others something they did not see before.

Other mental disorders

They are also presented in: Dementia, delirium, psychotic depression, bipolar disorder, Alicia's syndrome in Wonderland (It is characterized by bizarre and distorted perceptions of time and space. Patients with this syndrome see objects or parts of their body as smaller or larger than they really are or even altered), Clinical lycanthropy (Believe that the person becomes a werewolf), Collective hysteria, shared psychotic disorder or shared madness (It is usually unleashed by stress), Ekbom Syndrome or delusional parasitosis (They firmly believe that they are infested with parasites that move under the skin) and other pathologies (Romero & Moya, s/f).

Consumption of toxic substances

• Alcohol, ecstasy, LSD, angel dust or fencyclidin, marijuana, peyote, fungi (Stropharia cubensis), drugs in general, side effects of various drugs (some analgesics derived from opiates, anthocolinergics, anticonvulsants, antihistamines H2, carbamacepine and ketamine) ( Romero & Moya, s/f).

Sleep -related

• Narcolepsy, deprivation, at the beginning of sleep (hypnagogical), at the end of sleep (hipnopompic). According to various epidemiological studies, 37 percent of the population experience hypnagogical and 13 percent, hypnopompic.

Cognitive distortion

• The cognitive distortions are those erroneous ways that we have to process the information, That is, misunderstandings of what is happening around us, generating multiple negative consequences (Sánchez, 2012). Examples of this are, Polarized thought: You cannot perceive the midpoints, there is only white or black, you are in my favor or against me. Confirmatory bias: There are only the opinions or facts that agree with my way of thinking.

Extreme conditions

• Prolonged sensory insulation, food deprivation, lack of oxygen by altitude or mountain evil. The latter is a disease that can affect mountaineers, hikers, skiers or travelers to large heights, usually above 8,000 feet (2,400 meters). It is caused by a reduction in atmospheric pressure and lower levels of oxygen to large heights (Medlineplus, 2018).

Hypnotic states

• Deep meditation. The objective of meditation is to transform the mind. It does not have to be associated with any particular religion. Each of us has a mind and each of us can work on it (Ricard, 2017).
• Hypnotic process or mystical ecstasy.

Neurological disease

• Epilepsy and Parkinson

By electrical stimulation

• Direct stimulation of certain areas of the brain (through electric currents) can cause more or less complex hallucinations; Specifically, Herschel Gyrus stimulation produces auditory hallucinations (Lehmann & González, 2009).

Physical illness

• Epilepsy, herpes simple type 1, kidney failure, HIV/AIDS, brain cancer, fever.

The organs of the senses: an antenna that captures signals and transforms them

The rule of the senses initially allow us to relate to our universe and be able to survive. Without them we would not make life as we used to day to day.

The process through which we feel something has several facets: the reception of the external signal that excites the corresponding organ of the meaning; the transformation of information into a nervous signal; the transport and modification suffered by this signal to finally get brain and give us the feeling of having felt something.  The organs of the senses are what in engineering are called transducers, that is, transformers of certain signals, physical or chemical, in electrical signals that are the ones that transmit our nerves. At present there is still a great ignorance of the detailed functioning of the senses. Eliezer Braun (2011), points out that others are known more than traditional ones: Spatial perception, perception of movement, persistence of vision, kinetic, static and dynamic sensations and internal sensations.

The global biological behavior of our specialized cells and structures of the brain, can be controlled by invisible forces, including our thoughts, health-disease states, our hallucinations and also by chemical messengers such as neuroscanductors, but also when consumed when consumed external agents such as medicines or drugs.

Of the fifty billion cells that our body has, the cell membranes capture the information abroad and we call it a nervous system. Energy is matter Einstein said, therefore, we are beings formed by energy and/or matter. However, due to Newtonian materialistic prejudices, conventional researchers have completely ignored the role that energy and disease plays. Nevertheless, The quantum perspective reveals that the universe is an integration of interdependent energy fields that are immersed in a complicated network of interactions (Lipton, 2010).

Roughly, our brain is divided into two parts called cerebral hemispheres and each part in more specialized ones capable of capturing as a specialized antenna the different exterior stimuli that correspond to different types of energies and that are transformed and interpreted to be interpreted as a hallucination, whether it has been created from a brain trained in meditation or not trained as in the case of hallucinations caused by mental illness.

In the case of synesthesia, the result is that these specialized areas intersperate the information captured from the outside and interpreted from the inside with different antennas and does not indicate a disease, but a condition, not very common, but it is one more way among many others to process energy.

Final reflection

Although the study of hallucinations has various variations, from the medical, psychological, psychiatric, anthropological, sociological, philosophical point of view and more, its central point has been The perception is real for those who live it and invisible for whom only listen to its description.

Currently, although they represent conscious and unconscious health or disease, it is a terrain of curiosity or symptoms of a pathological state.

It is necessary, to deepen a land prior to perception. He would call him a quantum analysis where energy (mind) and matter (body) are intertwined and produce their different types of hallucinations, analyzing the physical and environmental environment and its correlation between structures, processes and products whose organ organ is the brain.

It is increasingly common to listen to how Electromagnetic signals are much more effective when helping our cells in their self -regulation, information and healing process. We can produce hallucinations or creative visualizations from a state of health, to reduce the risks that occur in the hallucinations that we cannot control from a state of disease.

Using energy is a reality in positron emission tomographies or in magnetic resonances and are able to read the energy radiation spectrum emitted by a healthy or sick organ shown in exploratory images.

All organisms, including humans, communicate and interpret their environment through the evaluation of energy fields. Since humans are so dependent on spoken and written language, we have neglected our sensory communications system based on energy. As with any other biological function, the lack of use leads to "sensory atrophy". For example, Australian aborigines can perceive where the water is buried under sand and Amazonian shamans can communicate with the energies of their medicinal plants (Lipton, 2010).

It will be worth considering positive hallucinations in terms of harmonic energies or constructive interference and those that indicate a pathological state as non -harmonic energies or destructive interference.

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