Phases and attachment development

The attachment It implies "the stronger" affective bonds Anxiety moments and insecurity. The establishment of the affective bond is developed in four stages. In humans the attachment bond takes a few months to appear since it entails a complex mix of behaviors between the mother and her son and acquires a wide variety of forms.

The development of attachment

PREPEGO PHASE

First 0 weeks the child accepts any human being to provide comfort. Genetically certain reflexes that have great value for survival (smile, crying.) Responds to other stimuli try to cause physical contact on many occasions. A very rudimentary recognition to the mother appears. They prefer the voice of this wing of any other adult even though they still do not show a link of attachment itself.

APEGT TRAINING PHASE

6 to 8 months anxiety occurs when the child separates from human beings, but not especially in the absence of the mother. The child guides his behavior and responds to his mother in a clearer way of how he had done until then. He continues with his mother and causes him to anger the separation of humans (not from his mother.

Attachment phase itself

6/8 to 18/24 months. Very strong affective link with the mother. Anger and anxiety when it disappears at 8 months you can reject physical contact with others. Just want the mother's arms. Most children's actions aim to attract the mother's attention and a greater presence of her.

Reciprocal Relationship Formation

18/24 months onwards. The child understands that the mother's absence is not definitive and manages to calm anxiety. Appearance of language and mentally represent the mother, which allows her to predict her return. In this phase to the children that their mother explains why of their departure and the approximate time that will be absent usually cry less than the children who are not given any explanation from the age of 3, it displays strategies To control the interaction with his mother "forcing her" to agree (at certain times) the entries and exits of the home.

The end of these phases is a solid affective link between both parties that does not need a physical contact or permanent search by the child, since he feels the assurance that his mother will respond at the time when he needs it.

Attachment through the strange situation of Ainsworth

It is the most used technique to analyze the quality of mother-child attachment in the first 2 years of life. It consists of 8 episodes: maternal separations and encounters with existence of a strange person and the result:

• Safe, avoidant and resistant ---- identification of these three.
• A room is added: disorganized/disoriented of Main and Solomon.

Safe attachment: 2/3 (the remaining ones become insecure attachments like the following). They look for contact with the mother and reduce the cry when the room returns. The crying is due to the preference they have for the mother before the stranger.

Avoiding attachment: 20% (show indifference) do not show anger or anxiety when the mother leaves the room, but when they are alone. It seems that they react in the same way to their mother as the strange person. They approach without any hurry to greet her and do not cause them any special reaction of joy.

Resistant attachment: 10 and 20 %(the need not to lose it causes them anger (paste) and avoidance when it arrives. Before the mother leaves the room, they insistently seek its proximity when they return, they are angry, displicating and even hit it and hide from it. Many of them continue to cry and it is quite difficult for the mother to comfort them.

Disoriented/disoriented attachment: 5% (insecurity with contradictory behaviors - disorganization-) seems to reflect great insecurity in her link with the mother. When returning to the room, children show contradictory behaviors that involve disorganization.

They do not usually look at the mother when they take them in their arms and maintain a stunned facial expression. Some cry after calm and They show cold and distant. Cultural guidelines in the child's social, cognitive and emotional development, have great importance. The above data are samples of American children, in other cultures the data changed, this is due to cultural parenting patterns:

• German- Safe attachment 35%
• Japan- Highlights resistant attachment
• American- 75%

This article is merely informative, in psychology-online we have no power to make a diagnosis or recommend a treatment. We invite you to go to a psychologist to treat your particular case.

If you want to read more articles similar to Phases and attachment development, We recommend that you enter our category of evolutionary psychology.