F91 dissocial disorders

Dissocial disorders are characterized by a persistent and repeated form of dissocial, aggressive or challenging behavior. In its most extreme degrees it can reach violations of the norms, greater than those that would be acceptable for the character and age of the affected individual and the characteristics of the society in which he lives. It is therefore more serious deviations than the simple childish "evil" or adolescent rebellion. Isolated antisocial or criminal acts are not, by themselves for diagnosis, which implies a lasting form of behavior.

Dissocial disorders are usually related to an unfavorable psychosocial environment, including non -satisfactory family relationships and school failure, and is presented more frequently in boys. The distinction between dissocial disorders and emotions disorders is well defined, while its differentiation of hypercinetic disorder is less clear and a overlap between the two is frequent.<

Content

• Diagnosis guidelines
• F91.0 dissocial disorder limited to family context
• Diagnosis guidelines
• F91.1 dissocia disorder! In non -socialized children
• Diagnosis guidelines
• F91.2 dissocial disorder in socialized children
• Diagnosis guidelines
• F91.3 challenging and oppositionist dissocial disorder
• Diagnosis guidelines
• F91.8 Other dissocial disorders
• F91.9 Dissocia disorder! No specification

Diagnosis guidelines

The level of child development must be taken into account. The tantrums, for example, are part of a normal development at the age of three and their mere presence should not be an indication for diagnosis. Similarly, the violation of other people's civic rights (such as a violent crime), is not available to the majority of seven -year -old children, and therefore, does not constitute a diagnostic guideline for this group old.

The forms of behavior on which the diagnosis is based can be the type of the following: excessive degrees of fights or intimidation, cruelty towards other people or animals, serious destruction of foreign belongings, fire, robbery, repeated lies, fouls to school and home leaks, frequent and serious tantrums, provocations, challenges and serious and persistent disobedience. Any of these categories, if intense, is sufficient for diagnosis, but isolated dissocial acts are not.

Excludes: dissocial disorders associated with: emotional disorders (F92.-). Hypercinetic disorders (F90.-). Humor disorders (affective) (F30-F39). Generalized developmental disorders (F84.-). Schizophrenia (F20.-).

F91.0 dissocial disorder limited to family context

It includes dissocial disorders in which dissocial, antisocial or aggressive behavior (which goes beyond opposition, challenging or subversive manifestations) is completely, or almost completely, restricted to the home or to relations with members of the nuclear family or relatives. The disorder requires that the set of guidelines of F91 be satisfied, so that even relations between the parents and the severely altered child are not enough for diagnosis. The most frequent manifestations are home robberies often specifically referring to money or belongings of one or two specific people, which can be accompanied by a deliberate destructive behavior, again with preference referred to concrete family members, such as breaking toys or ornament objects, clothes, scratches in furniture or destruction of appreciated belongings. The diagnosis can also be based on the presence of acts of violence against family members. The provocation of deliberate fires of the home may also occur.

Diagnosis guidelines

The diagnosis requires that no significant alteration of antisocial behavior outside the family environment is present and that the child's social relationship outside the family is within a normal range.

In most cases, these dissocial disorders limited to family context have begun in relation to some kind of intense alteration of the boy's relationships with one or more members of the nuclear family. In some cases, for example, the disorder may have begun by conflicts with a stepfather or stepmother.

F91.1 dissocia disorder! In non -socialized children

Characterized by the combination of persistent or aggressive dissocial behavior (which satisfy the set of guidelines of F91, and that are not simply oppositionist, challenging or subversive manifestations) with a significant and deep difficulty for personal relationships with other boys.

Diagnosis guidelines

Lack of effective integration among colleagues who have diagnostic priority over other differentiations. The problems of relationships with colleagues are mainly manifested by isolation or rejection, impopularity among other boys and a lack of close friends or reciprocal and lasting emotional relationships with colleagues of the same age. Relations with adults tend to be marked by discord, hostility and resentment, but there may be good relationships with some adults (although intimate confidence is generally lacking), which does not rule out the diagnosis. Frequently, but not always, there are emotional alterations over -added, which, if they are of a sufficient degree to satisfy the guidelines of the mixed disorder, will be encoded according to F92.-.

If criminal behavior occurs, typical, but not indispensable, is that it is alone. The characteristic forms of behavior are: intimidation, excessive fights, and (in older boys) extortion or violent robberies and excessive levels of disobedience, aggressiveness, lack of cooperation and resistance to authority, serious tantrums and uncontrolled access of cholera, destruction of properties others, fires and cruelty with other children and animals. However, some isolated boys are involved in group crimes, so that the nature of crime is less important to make the diagnosis than the quality of personal relationships.

The disorder is usually persistent in different situations, but it can be more manifest in school or at school. The specificity of a specific situation other than home is compatible with diagnosis.

Includes:
Non -socialized aggressive disorder.
Aggressive solitary dissocial disorder.

F91.2 dissocial disorder in socialized children

Includes forms of dissocial and aggressive behavior (which satisfy the set of F91 guidelines and that are not simply oppositionist, challenging or subversive manifestations). It is usually presented in individuals well integrated into groups of colleagues.

Diagnosis guidelines

The key differential feature is the existence of adequate and lasting friendships with colleagues of approximately the same age. Frequently, but not always, the group of colleagues are other young people involved in criminal or dissocial activities (in this case, the unacceptable behavior of the boy can be approved by the companions and regulated by norms of the subculture to which it belongs). However, this is not a necessary requirement for diagnosis and the boy can be part of a group of non -criminal partners and antisocial behavior take place outside this context. There may be altered relationships with the victims or with some other boys if the dissocial behavior implies intimidation. Again, this does not invalidate the diagnosis, as long as the boy has a gang and which is loyal and with whose members it unites a lasting friendship.

Relations with adult authority figures tend to be bad, but there may be good relationships with some specific people. Emotional alterations are usually minimal. Dissocial behavior can also be extended to the family environment, but if it is limited to home, this diagnosis should be ruled out. Frequently the disorder is more evident outside the family context and the fact that has a specific relationship with the school or other environments outside the family, is compatible with the diagnosis.

Includes:
Dissocial disorder "in gang".
Group crime.
Crimes forming part of a band.
Robberies in company.
School absences.

Excludes:
Band activities without manifest psychiatric disorders (Z03.2).

F91.3 challenging and oppositionist dissocial disorder

Dissocial disorder is characteristic of children under 9 or 10 years. It is defined by the presence of a markedly challenging, disobedient and provocative behavior and the absence of other more serious dissocial or aggressive acts that violate the law and rights of others. The disorder requires that F91 general guidelines be satisfied. Malicious or mischievous behavior is not enough for diagnosis. Many authors consider that the forms of challenging oppositionist behavior represent a less serious form of dissocial disorder, rather than a qualitatively different type. There are no experimental data on whether the difference is quantitative or qualitative. However, current findings suggest that if it were a different disorder, it would be main or only in smaller children. This category should be used with caution, especially with older children. Clinically significant dissocial disorders in older children are usually accompanied by dissocial or aggressive behavior that go beyond challenge, disobedience or subversion, although it is often preceded by a dissocial oppositionist disorder at earlier ages earlier. This category is included to echo the usual diagnostic practice and facilitate the classification of disorders that appear in young children.

Diagnosis guidelines

The essential feature of this disorder is a form of persistently negativist, hostile, challenging, provocative and subversive behavior, which is clearly outside the normal limits of the behavior of children of the same age and sociocultural context and that does not include the most important violations of the rights of others that are reflected in the aggressive and dissocial behavior specified for the categories of dissocial disorders F91.0 to F91.2. Children with this disorder frequently tend to actively oppose the requests or rules of adults and deliberately annoy other people. They usually tend to feel angry, resentful and easily irritated by those who blame them for their own mistakes or difficulties. They generally have a low frustration tolerance and lose control easily. The most characteristic is that their challenges are in the form of provocations that give rise to clashes. They usually behave with excessive levels of rudeness, lack of collaboration resistance to authority.

This type of behavior is usually more evident in contact with adults or companions that the child knows well and the symptoms of the disorder may not show during a clinical interview.

The key difference with other types of dissocial disorders is the absence of violation of the laws or the fundamental rights of others, such as theft, cruelty, intimidation, attack or destruction. The definitive presence of any of these forms of behavior excludes the diagnosis. However, the opposition-disagree dissocial behavior, as it has been outlined in the previous paragraph, is often found in other dissocial disorders.

Excludes: dissocial disorders with openly dissocial or aggressive behavior (F91.0-F91.2).

F91.8 Other dissocial disorders

F91.9 Dissocia disorder! No specification

Includes:
Dissocial un specified childhood disorder.
Un specified childhood behavior disorder.